Medieval and Renaissance Astronomical Instruments: Card Dials and Quadrants
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Java applet simulations

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before 1000
Arabic origin.
quadrans vetus unequal hours
Applet
The Quadrans Vetus is a portable sundial for all latitudes,
indicating the unequal (planetary) hours.

Johannes von Gmunden
1380 – 1442




Georg von Peuerbach

1423 - 1461


Johannes Müller
(Regiomontanus)

1436 - 1467

Regiomontanus dial applet
Applet
This instrument is a portable sundial for all latitudes.
Capuchin dial applet
Applet
This instrument is a portable sundial for a single latitude.
Peter Apian
(Petrus Apianus)

1495 - 1552



Peter Apian Petrus Apianus dial applet
Applet
This instrument is a portable sundial for all latitudes.
apian dial single latitude
Applet
This instrument is a portable sundial for a single latitude.
Edmund Gunter

1581 - 1626

Gunter Quadrant applet
Applet
This quadrant was used to tell the time of day and to simplify astronomical calculations for the Sun (altitude, azimuth, declination, right ascension, position of the Sun in the zodiac).



quadarnt dial sundial
Applet
This quadrant is a simple dial for a single latitude.



Planetary unequal hours
Applet
This applet is computing the planetary (unequal) hours, and many more data by modern astronomical algorithms.


© 2009 J. Giesen

Last update: 2009, Jul 24